REMEDIUM

A review of the literature is presented, which reflects the history of the development of epidemics and pandemics from ancient times to the present day. The first historical mentions of acute respiratory viral infections are noted, literary sources reporting on the development of drugs and vaccines are analyzed.

Currently, healthcare professionals all over the world are showing interest in the problem of professional burnout, defined as a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and a sense of low personal self-realization, leading to a decrease in efficiency at work. The article presents information about the peculiarities of the prevalence of professional burnout among medical workers of different specialties according to foreign literature, as well as according to the results of a study based on a survey of various specialists working in primary care medical organizations.

The psychological well-being of graduate students affects the achievement of learning goals, the decision to continue the academic career of a researcher, teacher. The purpose of this study was to assess the psychological well-being of graduate students of medical specialties. Materials and methods. All PhD students of the Academy of Postgraduate Education of the FNCC FMBA of Russia participated in the correspondence survey. Of the 82 respondents, there were 44 (53,7%) men. The average age of respondents was 31.3 ± 6.20 years, men 29.7 ± 6.34 years, women 33.2 ± 5.56 years. The survey was conducted according to the Russian version of K. Riff's Shevelenkova—Fesenko questionnaire. Answer options for respondents are represented by a five-point Likert scale. The Kolmogorov—Smirnov test of all variables and frequency analysis on all scales, categories of psychological well-being were carried out. The Spearman correlation analysis, the Mann—Whitney U-test, and the calculation of the Kraska—Wallis criterion were carried out. Results. Psychological well-being and indicators on the scale of «positive attitude» are worse than normative values in 33 (40.2%) PhD students, on the scale of «autonomy» in 31 (37.8%), «environmental management» 35 (42.7%), «personal growth» 20 (24.4%), «life goals» 25 (30.5%), «self-acceptance» 37 (45.1%), in the category of «affect balance» for all PhD students, «meaningfulness of life» 25 (30.5%), «man as an open system» for 37 (45.1%) PhD students. There is no correlation between age and the level of psychological well-being in general, as well as on most scales and categories. Levels of psychological well-being in general, according to most scales and categories, are the same for PhD students of different sexes and years of study. PhD students working as anesthesiologists-resuscitators have the lowest indicator of psychological well-being relative to PhD students working in other practical specialties. Conclusions. It is rational to monitor the psychological well-being of PhD students with a comparison of its results with academic progress, as well as to continue to search for factors that determine the psychological well-being of Russian PhD students in order to improve their learning outcomes.

The article is devoted to P. A. Kuvshinnikov, Russian sanitary statistician, academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, one of the founders of the Soviet sanitary statistics, the first head of the Department of Statistics of the People's Commissariat of Health of the RSFSR, the head of the first department of sanitary statistics of the 1st Moscow Medical Institutе, the Scientific and Methodical Bureau of Sanitary Statistics of the Ministry of Health of the RSFSR, the head of the Department of Sanitary Statistics of the Institute of Health Care Organisation and History of Medicine named after N. A. Semashko. His main researches are devoted to the problems of tuberculosis spread, morbidity of industrial workers, issues of demographic statistics, population statistics. He developed methods of application of statistical methods in clinic.

The article is dedicated to the memory of the Soviet and Russian scientist, anesthesiologist and resuscitator, captain of the medical service, Doctor of sciences (Medicine), teacher Viktor Nikolaevich Rodionov (17.06.1948—13.03.2001), who passed his life path from a student of the Faculty of Medicine to the head of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation of the Voronezh State Medical Institute named after N. N. Burdenko (VSMI). The work presents the stages of the life cycle of V. N. Rodionov: 1966—1972 — student; 1972—1975 — resident of the Intensive Care Unit of the Voronezh Regional Clinical Hospital; 1975—1979 — postgraduate student and assistant of the Department of anesthesiology and resuscitation of the VSMI; 1979—1983 — assistant; 1983—1986 — period of work in the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA); 1986—1995 — assistant; 1995—2001 — Professor, Head of the Department of anesthesiology and resuscitation of the VSMI. The main area of scientific interests of V. N. Rodionov was related to the study of systemic hemodynamics and oxygen budget in patients with acute trauma, poisoning and in the postoperative period, efferent therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy in critical conditions. After returning from DRA, the main goal in his research was the organization and improvement of complex treatment of severe septic conditions in surgery, the introduction of innovations in solving this problem. V. N. Rodionova is the author of 78 scientific papers, 8 methodological guidelines, 1 monograph, 10 rationalization proposals on various problems of anesthesiology and resuscitation.

Relevance. The supply of drugs, dental materials, and special medical devices to military dental clinics of the Russian Ministry of Defense, especially during sanctions and active import problems, requires clarification of the algorithm for assessing baseline values, as well as adjusting the existing norms for consumption of these resources and developing norms for children and adolescents among the decreed population. Intention. Improving medical care for cadets related to military clinics of the Russian Ministry of Defense by adjusting and specifying the norms for consumption (disposal) of medicines (MS), dental materials (DM), and expendable medical devices (MD). Methodology. An analysis of regulatory legal documents, as well as accounting and reporting documents of dentists in cadet corps, was conducted. Work journals of the dental office, medical records of dental patients receiving dental care on an outpatient basis, and a book of accounting for material resources and expendable property were studied. The stages of therapeutic and preventive measures for major nosological forms of dental pathology were specified. During the work, a natural experiment was conducted on filling and control measurements of extracted and phantom teeth. The obtained data were processed using the statistical software package Statistica For Windows 11.0. The nomenclature and quantity of medicines (MS), dental materials (DM), and medical devices (MD) were determined using traditional methods of pharmacoeconomic analysis such as «cost-effectiveness» and «cost minimization». Results and Discussion. Normative legal documents regulating the procedure for providing medical care for dental diseases, as well as the reporting and accounting documentation of dental clinics, have been analyzed, revealing the following: modern technologies are in demand in all areas of dentistry; the equipment of dental departments meets the minimum requirements of healthcare. All the procedures were made according to clinical standards of curing childrens with dental diseases. The current norms for the consumption of medical supplies require revision. Experiment was made to determine the consumption of dental filling material used in current cadets healthcare. Conclusion. Normative legal documents were made for dentists of the cadet corps.

One of the consequences of population aging, which is a global trend, is an increase in the use of medical services by elderly and senile citizens. These circumstances require that medical professionals have the appropriate competencies in the field of professional communication to effectively communicate with elderly patients in order to provide high-quality medical care. The presented work is aimed at studying the problems of communication «doctor — elderly patient» in the context of determining the characteristics of aging that affect the effectiveness of interaction with medical professionals.

Annotation. Purpose: analysis of possible directions for increasing the accessibility of primary health care for the adult population in outpatient settings. Methodology for writing a review. This review was carried out according to the recommendations of PRISMA 2020. PubMed, eLibrary, Google Scholar databases were used as sources of information. Sources relevant to the research topic were analyzed for the period from January 2018 to September 2023. A total of 147 sources were found, of which 78 were selected after an initial analysis. For the final analysis, 49 publications were selected. Conclusion. According to the results of the completed theoretical study, the following areas seem relevant for solving the issues of providing high-quality primary health care to the population: 1) decision on human resources (both in relation to the number of medical specialists and regarding their qualifications); 2) organization of a system for the provision of primary health care (at the interstate, state, sectoral levels, as well as at the regional and local levels, taking into account socio-economic, nosological, climatic and geographical features); 3) the possibility of continuous monitoring and evaluation of the primary health care provided to the population.

The article discusses issues reflecting the context of the development of inbound and outbound medical tourism in Russia. It is noted that MT is becoming one of the directions for promoting countries on the world stage and an additional source of financing for healthcare. It is indicated that Russia has both strengths and weaknesses that can influence the vector of development of MT. It is emphasized that the prevailing geopolitical conditions have negatively affected the prospects for the development of inbound and outbound MT, however, domestic MT may expect a period of revival, given the variety of sanatorium and resort facilities in Russia and their accessibility to the population. Measures are proposed to stimulate migration, which include changes in migration legislation, economic support at the state and regional levels, diversification of services and marketing technologies.