Epidemiological characteristics of sexually transmitted infections in combination with HIV infection in the Republic of Tatarstan

Abstract


During the registration of cases of HIV infection, the leading route of infection changes from parenteral to sexual, which remains the leading route for most sexually transmitted infections. In turn, strictly sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to be the most effective risk factors for HIV infection. Identification of socially significant events among foreigners allows to support the epidemic process, which determines the venues and anti-epidemic measures, including deportation from the Russian Federation. The aim — present the epidemiological characteristics of STIs in combination with HIV infection, including among foreign citizens in the Republic of Tatarstan. Materials and methods. An analysis of information from official statistical reporting forms, as well as emergency notifications and maps of epidemiological investigations of STI and HIV infection cases for 2019—2023 was carried out. In addition, data from the state electronic information system of the Republic of Tatarstan was studied, including information about foreign citizens who arrived in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan. The structure of detected infections in migrants undergoing medical examination at a skin and venereal disease dispensary was studied. The incidence of HIV infection among foreign citizens in the Republic of Tatarstan was analyzed taking into account differences in gender, age and country of origin of patients. Results. In 2023, compared to 2011, the incidence rate of STIs in the Republic of Tatarstan decreased from 466.7 to 129.7 cases per 100 thousand people. Cases of the disease were registered in all age categories, the largest number of which, up to 60%, occurred in persons aged 18—29 years, and up to 28% in persons aged 30—39 years. The epidemiological profile of co-infections with STIs in HIV-infected people is represented by the identification of a high percentage of cases of syphilis up to 45.5% of cases (max), gonorrhea (16.9%), trichomoniasis (34.7%), anogenital warts (36.2%), chlamydia (23.2%), urogenital herpes (11.8%). Over the analyzed 5-year period, 113 HIV-infected foreign citizens arrived in the republic, more than half of whom were men (79 people). The age structure of HIV-positive foreigners was dominated by migrants aged 30—39 (31.8%); 40—49 (24.8%), and 18—29 (23.9%) years old. 51 migrants (45%) of 113 HIV-infected people came from Uzbekistan.

About the authors

Zhanna G. Eremeeva

Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia; Republican Clinical Dermatovenerologic Center, Kazan, Russia

Email: z.eremeeva@tatar.ru

Guzel G. Vafina

Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia

Email: g.vafina@tatar.ru

Evgenia V. Bildyuk

Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia

Email: zhenya-kazan@mail.ru

Iskander K. Minullin

Republican Clinical Dermatovenerologic Center, Kazan, Russia

Email: rkkvd@tatar.ru

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