REMEDIUMREMEDIUM1561-59362658-3534Joint-Stock Company Chicot185510.32687/1561-5936-2026-30-1-15-20Original ArticlePeculiarities of the use of antibiotics in pediatric dentistry: the view of Russian specialistsKhanievAnzor A.aakhaniev@edu.hse.ruKozlovaYuliya S.juliakapri@gmail.comVinokurovMichail A.vinokurov@cmd.suCenter for Expertise and Quality Control of Medical Care, Moscow, RussiaI. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, RussiaCentral Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russia30032026301152023032026Copyright © 2026,2026Introduction. Antibiotic therapy in pediatric dentistry requires a tailored approach due to the risks of antimicrobial resistance and the age-specific physiological characteristics of children. The aim of this study was to examine the antibiotic prescribing practices of Russian dentists in the provision of dental care to children. Materials and Methods. A quantitative sociological survey was conducted from October 2024 to January 2025 involving 102 dentists from various regions of the Russian Federation. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square (χ²) test with the Holm—Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (p lt; 0.05). Results and Discussion. The most common indications for antibiotic prescription were periodontitis (37%) and periostitis (31%). Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Amoxiclav) was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic (27%), followed by amoxicillin (16%). In 92% of cases, dosing was calculated based on the childs body weight, and the oral route of administration was overwhelmingly preferred (p lt; 0.001). However, only 12% of respondents reported performing antibiotic susceptibility testing, indicating a predominantly empirical approach to prescribing. The most commonly reported adverse effects were diarrhea and allergic reactions; 78% of dentists prescribed probiotics to prevent disturbances of the gut microbiota. Conclusion. The findings highlight the urgent need to implement standardized clinical guidelines and educational programs focused on the rational use of antibiotics in pediatric dentistry.antibioticsdentistrydentistpediatric dentistrydrug safetyантибиотикистоматологияврач-стоматологдетская стоматологиялекарственная безопасность1.Brizuela M., Daley J. O. Oral facial infection of dental origin: a guide for the medical practitioner. Treasure Island; 2025.2.Goel D., Goel G. K., Chaudhary S., Jain D. Antibiotic prescriptions in pediatric dentistry: a review. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2020;9(2):473—480. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1097_193.Ozmen E. E., Sahin T. N. Antibiotic use in pediatric dental infections: knowledge and awareness levels of dentists. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):24877. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77012-64.Ahsan S., Hydrie M. Z.I., Hyder Naqvi S. M.Z., et al. Antibiotic prescription patterns for treating dental infections in children among general and pediatric dentists in teaching institutions of Karachi, Pakistan. PLoS One. 2020;15(7):e0235671. doi: 10.1371/ journal.pone.02356715.Sirinoglu Capan B., Duman C., Kalaoglu E. E. Antibiotic prescribing practices for prophylaxis and therapy of oral/dental infections in pediatric patients: results of a cross-sectional study in Turkey. GMS Hyg Infect Control. 2023;18:Doc11. doi: 10.3205/dg- kh0004376.Sivaraman S. S., Hassan M., Pearson J. M. A national survey of pediatric dentists on antibiotic use in children. Pediatr Dent. 2013;35(7):546—549.7.Leroy R., Bourgeois J., Verleye L., et al. Are systemic antibiotics indicated in children presenting with an odontogenic abscess in the primary dentition? A systematic review of the literature. Clin Oral Investig. 2021;25(5):2537—2544. doi: 10.1007/s00784-021- 03862-38.Aidasani B., Solanki M., Khetarpal S., Ravi Pratap S. Antibiotics: their use and misuse in paediatric dentistry. A systematic review. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2019;20(2):133—138. doi: 10.23804/ ejpd.2019.20.02.109.Jayakaran T. G., Rekha C. V., Annamalai S., Baghkomeh P. N. Antibiotics and its use in pediatric dentistry: a review. Int J Appl Dent Sci. 2018;4(2):310—314.10.Saikia T., Tomar H., Babu K. S., et al. Use of amoxycillin in pediatric dentistry and knowledge and attitude of practitioners toward developing resistance: a cross-sectional questionnaire study. Int J Health Sci. 2022;6(S3):6196—6203. doi: 10.53730/ijhs.v6nS3.735211.Shashmurina V. R., Nikolaev A. I., Vasiltsova O. A., et al. Attitude of dentists providing therapeutic dental care to antibiotic therapy. Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2022;24(4):361—367. doi: 10.36488/cmac.2022.4.361—367 (In Russ.)12.Akulenko L. V., Alpatova V. G., Anisimova E. N., et al. Pediatric dentistry: textbook. Moscow; 2020. 744 p. (In Russ.)13.Zelensky V. A. Pediatric maxillofacial surgery: restorative treatment and rehabilitation: study guide. Moscow; 2019. 184 p. (In Russ.)