REMEDIUMREMEDIUM1561-59362658-3534Joint-Stock Company Chicot185310.32687/1561-5936-2026-30-1-103-107Original ArticleHistory of the development of the pharmacy network in Russia (18th — early 21st century)MezentsevaEkaterina S.ekaterina.vorozhtsova@yandex.ruPerm State Pharmaceutical Academy, Perm, Russia3003202630110310723032026Copyright © 2026,2026The article examines the history of the development of the domestic pharmacy network from the emergence of the first free pharmacies to the current stage of development of pharmacy chains in the Russian Federation. It traces the dynamics from the first eight free pharmacies established by decree of Peter I in 1701 to the 83,050 pharmacy organizations currently operating in Russia.pharmacyhealthcarehistory of pharmacypharmacy businessаптеказдравоохранениеистория фармацииаптечное дело[Tkeshelashvili I. S. Russian pharmacy before the emergence of the first free pharmacies in Russia: the 200th anniversary of the Russian pharmacy 1701—1901. Moscow; 1902. 35 p. (In Russ.)][Salo V. M. Pharmacy reform of 1701. Pharmacy. 1989;(5):88—90. (In Russ.)][Koroteeva N. N. Formation and development of pharmacy services in Russia in the 16th — early 20th centuries: abstract of dissertation … Doctor of Historical Sciences. Kursk; 2011. 42 p. (In Russ.)][Levinshtein I. I. History of pharmacy and organization of pharmaceutical practice. Moscow—Leningrad; 1939. 224 p. (In Russ.)][Freiberg N. G. Medical and sanitary legislation in Russia: enactments and governmental regulations in civil medicine. International sanitary conventions. Saint Petersburg; 1901. 169 p. (In Russ.)][Levinshtein I. Fundamentals of Soviet healthcare and the tasks of pharmacy. Moscow; 1926. (In Russ.)][Voloshin M. E. Organization and management of the pharmacy network of the RSFSR: abstract of dissertation … Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Kharkov; 1974. 21 p. (In Russ.)][Khaimovich M. S. The state of pharmaceutical practice and its prospects. Proceedings of the All-Russian Pharmaceutical Meeting 25.09—01.10.1926. Moscow: People's Commissariat of Health of the RSFSR; 1927:21—58. (In Russ.)][Klyuev M. A., Tentsova A. I., Panchenko E. I. Achievements of pharmacy over 50 years of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Pharmacy. 1972;(6):3—15. (In Russ.)][Barannikov N. G. Main pharmacy directorate of the Russian Federation during the Great Patriotic War. Pharmacy. 1975;(4):7—14. (In Russ.)][Tsurgan D. A. Development of methodological approaches to defining the main principles of pharmacy network development as a factor in improving drug provision to the population (on the example of the Voronezh region): dissertation … Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Perm; 2005. 186 p. (In Russ.)][Barannikov N. G. Pharmacy practice of the Russian Federation in 1968—1977. Pharmacy. 1979;(1):4—7. (In Russ.)][Apazov A. D. Improvement of pharmacy service management in the USSR during the transition to a market economy: abstract of dissertation … Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Pyatigorsk; 1991. 44 p. (In Russ.)][Bogdanov E. G. Theoretical foundations for the development of competitive advantages and state regulation technologies of entrepreneurship (on the example of the pharmaceutical industry): abstract of dissertation … Doctor of Economic Sciences. Saint Petersburg; 2004. 42 p. (In Russ.)][Stepanova M. Yu. Study of the efficiency of pharmacy chains under consolidation of pharmaceutical market entities: abstract of dissertation … Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Moscow; 2009. 20 p. (In Russ.)][Zatravkin S. N., Vishlenkova E. A., Genin F. V. Own game: history of the pharmaceutical market in Russia. Moscow; 2025. 480 p. (In Russ.)][Apazov A. D. Development of the pharmaceutical industry and formation of a civilized drug market. Pharmacy Network of Russia — 2000: Fifth All-Russian Conference; 2000:6—13. (In Russ.)][Peacetime of Russian pharmaceutical retail. Mosapteki. 2008 Dec 23. URL: https://mosapteki.ru/material/mirnoe-vremya-rossiyoskogo-farmriteyola-2432?ysclid=mm8cbyjclu988103185 (In Russ.)][Zhukovsky A. A. Formation and development of retail pharmacy chain structures: abstract of dissertation … Candidate of Economic Sciences. Yekaterinburg; 2005. 23 p. (In Russ.)][Healthcare in Russia: statistical collection. Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). Moscow; 2011. 326 p. (In Russ.)]