REMEDIUMREMEDIUM1561-59362658-3534Joint-Stock Company Chicot183710.32687/1561-5936-2025-29-4-431-434Original ArticleHistorical demography and social memory: from population censuses to modern researchLukmanovAyrat Kh.la-20@mail.ruNational Research University «MEI», Moscow, Russia15122025443143415122025Copyright © 2025,2025The article analyzes the formation and development of historical demography as a scientific discipline, paying attention to its interaction with the phenomenon of social memory. The evolution of the source base and methodology is traced from Modern population censuses to modern digital methods for reconstructing demographic processes. It is emphasized that demographic history forms the basis for the collective identity and historical memory of society, and also acts as a tool for predicting future social transformations.historical demographysocial memorypopulation censusessource studiescollective identitydemographic reconstructionисторическая демографиясоциальная памятьпереписи населенияисточниковедениеколлективная идентичностьдемографическая реконструкция1.Henry L., Blum A. Techniques d'analyse en demographie historique. Paris; 1988. (In Fren.)2.Wrigley E. A., Schofield R. S. The population history of England, 1541—1871. Cambridge; 1981.3.Tolts M. The results of the 1939 USSR population census: two problems of adequacy. Demographic review. 2020;7(1):100—117. (In Russ.)4.Zubkova E. Y. Post-war Soviet society: politics and everyday life. 1945—1953. Moscow; 1999. (In Russ.)