REMEDIUMREMEDIUM1561-59362658-3534Joint-Stock Company Chicot183610.32687/1561-5936-2025-29-4-425-430Original ArticleThe work of the Department of infectious diseases and epidemiology of the Russian University of Medicine during the rise of diphtheria cases in the Russian Federation at the end of the 20th centuryMakhulMishel I.makhulm@bk.ruMaximovSemyon L.maximov_s@bk.ruPashkovKonstantin A.historymed@mail.ruRussian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia15122025442543015122025Copyright © 2025,2025The article presents the materials of the last major outbreak of diphtheria in the Russian Federation at the end of the 20th century (1990—1997), in the measures to eliminate which employees of the Department of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology of the Russian University of Medicine of the Ministry of Health of Russia (former Moscow Medical Dental Institute) participated.diphtheriachildhood infectionshistory of medicineV. I. PokrovskyN. D. Yushchukдифтериядетские инфекцииистория медициныВ. И. ПокровскийН. Д. Ющук1.Pokrovskiy V. I., Onishchenko G. G., Cherkasskiy B. L. Evolution of infectious diseases in Russia in the 20th century. Moscow; 2003. P. 214—237. (In Russ.)2.Khazanov M. I. The main tasks of epidemiological surveillance of diphtheria at the stage of sporadic morbidity. Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 1971;(5):7—11. (In Russ.)3.Dittmann S., Wharton M., Vitek C. et al. Successful control of epidemic diphtheria in the states of the Former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: lessons learned. J. Infect. Dis. 2000;181(Suppl 1):S10—S22. DOI: 10.1086/3155344.Markina S. S., Maksimova N. M., Cherkasova V. V., Koshkina N. I. The current epidemiological situation of diphtheria. Vaktsinatsiya. 2006;(1):7—11. (In Russ.)5.Grimont P. A.D., Grimont F., Efstratiou A. et al. International nomenclature for Corynebacterium diphtheriaеribotypes. Res. Microbiol. 2004;155(3):162—166. DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2003.12.0056.Ivanova V. V., Sizemov A. N., Shvalko A. D. Diphtheria in children at the stage of epidemiological rise in incidence. Rossiyskiy vestnik perinatologii i pediatrii. 1995;(4):35—39. (In Russ.)7.Diphtheria epidemic in Europe: meeting materials (St. Peterburg, July 5—7, 1993). St. Peterburg; 1993. (In Russ.)8.Maksimova N. M., Yakimova T. N., Markina S. S. et al. Diphtheria in Russia in the 21st century. Epidemiologiya i vaktsinoprofilaktika. 2017;(5):4—15. (In Russ.)9.Pokrovsky V. I., Astafieva N. V., Koyudenko L. T., Filimonova N. V. Diphtheria in adults. Soviet medicine. 1984;(11):89—93. (In Russ.)10.Pokrovsky V. I., Ostrovsky N. N., Astafieva N. V., Filimonova N. V. Croup in toxic forms of diphtheria in adults. Terapevticheskiy arkhiv. 1985;(5):119—122. (In Russ.)11.A Astafieva N. V. Clinic and treatment of diphtheria in adults. Pathogenetic foundations of treatment of acute infectious diseases: collection of scientific papers of the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Moscow Medical Institute named after N. A. Semashko. Moscow; 1982. P. 95—105. (In Russ.)12.Turyanov M. Kh., Belyaeva N. M. Clinical classification of diphtheria. Proceedings of the All-Russian Conference of Infectious Disease Specialists. Moscow—Volgograd; 1995: 117—118. (In Russ.)13.Vengerov Yu. Ya., Filippov P. G. Clinical and functional changes in the myocardium in toxic diphtheria. Abstracts of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference of Infectious Disease Specialists (Saratov, January 7—9, 1996). Saratov; 1996:24. (In Russ.)14.Yushchuk N. D. Filippov P. G. Mechanisms of myocardial damage in diphtheria. Yuzhno-Rossiyskiy Meditsinskiy zhurnal. 1997;(3):19—30. (In Russ.)15.Migmanov T. E., Vengerov Yu. Ya. Damage to the nervous system in diphtheria. Rossiyskiy zhurnal infektsionnoy patologii. 1997;(2):38—48. (In Russ.)16.Migmanov T. E. Experience of electromyographic diagnostics of polyneuropathy in diphtheria in adults. Theses of the XIX Final Conference of Young Scientists of the MMSI. Moscow; 1997:25. (In Russ.)17.Migmanov T. E., Vengerov Yu. Ya. An instrumental method for predicting the probability of development and severity of damage to the peripheral nervous system in diphtheria. Theses of the V All-Russian Congress of Infectious Disease Specialists. Moscow; 1997:207. (In Russ.)18.Gultyaev M. M., Yushchuk N. D., Ostroukhova M. V., Eremina O. F. On the state of cellular immunity factors in diphtheria. Proceedings of the anniversary session of the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Dagestan State Medical Institute. Makhachkala. 1996:19. (In Russ.)19.Gultyaev M. M., Oganezov V. K. Functional activity of lymphocytes in toxic diphtheria. Collection of scientific papers by young scientists of the MMSI. Moscow; 1996:23. (In Russ.)20.Ostroukhova M. V., Novikova T. A., Yushchuk N. D., Eremina O. F. Phenotype of lymphocytes in patients with various forms of diphtheria infection and bacteria carriers. Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 1996;(4):65—70. (In Russ.)21.Yushchuk N. D., Eremina O. F., Ostroukhova M. V. Characteristics of the subpopulation composition of lymphocytes and its clinical significance in carriers of toxigenic strains of C. diphtheriae. Epidemiologiya i infektsionnye bolezni. 1996;(4):27—31. (In Russ.)22.Yushchuk N. D., Eremina O. F., Nikolaeva E. N. Dynamics of some indicators of humoral immunity in patients with complicated forms of toxic diphtheria. Epidemiologiya i infektsionnye bolezni. 1996;(1):15—19. (In Russ.)23.Eremina O. F., Shkarupeta M. M., Novikova T. A., Yushchuk N. D. Study of the level of anti-diphtheria antibodies in patients with various forms of diphtheria infection. Immunologiya. 1997;(3):42—45. (In Russ.)24.Vyalba E. V., Astafieva N. V., Sundukov A. V., Vorobyov A. S. Treatment of diphtheria in adults in modern conditions. A collection of scientific papers dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the birth of Academician V. I. Pokrovsky. Moscow; 1999:169—175. (In Russ.)25.Yushchuk N. D., Sundukov A. V., Vorobyov A. S. Application of VLOC in the treatment of diphtheritic myocarditis. Abstracts of the IX Russian National Congress «Man and Medicine». Moscow; 2002:269. (In Russ.)26.Yushchuk N. D., Sundukov A. V., Vdovina E. T. Use of intravascular laser irradiation of blood in the treatment of diphtheritic polyneuropathy. Abstracts of the IX Russian National Congress «Man and Medicine». Moscow; 2002:270. (In Russ.)27.Vorobyov A. S., Polyakova A. M., Petina G. K. et al. The influence of discrete plasmapheresis on some hemostasis indices in the treatment of patients with severe forms of toxic diphtheria. Epidemiologiya i infektsionnye bolezni. 1996;(3):42—45. (In Russ.)