РЕМЕДИУМРЕМЕДИУМ1561-59362658-3534Joint-Stock Company Chicot179210.32687/1561-5936-2025-29-2-134-142Original ArticleИнновационное развитие фармацевтической отрасли Китая: систематический обзор зарубежной научной литературыРезвановАлександр Александровичhi@aarezvanov.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента, Москва, Россия15122025213414217102025Copyright © 2025, АО "Шико"2025Проведён систематический обзор зарубежной научной литературы, посвящённой инновационному развитию фармацевтической промышленности Китая. Рассмотрены ключевые факторы, влияющие на формирование и реализацию инновационного потенциала компаний, в том числе роль государственных субсидий, налоговых льгот, регуляторной политики и механизмов взаимодействия с научно-исследовательскими институтами. Отдельное внимание уделено проблемам фрагментации отрасли, региональным различиям в эффективности использования инновационных ресурсов и необходимости доработки правовой базы для защиты интеллектуальной собственности. Результаты исследования демонстрируют возрастающий интерес к разработке оригинальных препаратов, обусловленный усилением конкуренции на внутреннем рынке и стимулирующими мерами со стороны государства. Выводы и рекомендации могут быть полезны при разработке политики и практик управления инновационным развитием в отечественной фармацевтической отрасли.China’s pharmaceutical industryinnovative developmentstate supportsubsidies and tax benefitsintellectual propertysystematic reviewфармацевтическая промышленность Китаяинновационное развитиегосударственная поддержкасубсидии и налоговые льготыинтеллектуальная собственностьсистематический обзор1.Scalera V. G., Perri A., Mudambi R. Managing innovation in emerging economies: organizational arrangements and resources of foreign MNEs in the Chinese pharmaceutical industry. Emerging Economies and Multinational Enterprises (Advances in International Management). 2015;28:201—233. DOI: 10.1108/S1571-5027201500000280112.Hadengue M., de Marcellis-Warin N., Warin T. Reverse innovation and reverse technology transfer: from Made in China to discovered in China in the pharmaceutical sector. Management International. 2015;19(4):49—69. DOI: 10.7202/1043076ar3.Sai Zhao, Yu Dongping, Wang Jingfei, Meng Zhengyang. Research on social network analysis method in cooperative innovation performance. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research. 2020;146:79—84. DOI: 10.2991/aeb-mr.k.200708.0164.Perri A., Scalera V. G., Mudambi R. What are the most promising conduits for foreign knowledge inflows? Innovation networks in the Chinese pharmaceutical industry. Industrial and Corporate Change. 2017;26(2):333—355. DOI: 10.1093/icc/dtx0045.Zhang J. A., O'Kane C., Tao Bai. How do university-firm interactions affect firm innovation speed? The case of Chinese science-intensive SMEs. Research Policy. 2024;53(7):1—16. DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2024.1050276.Hongxia C., Hongtao Yang, Caihong X. Knowledge innovation performance evaluation in marine pharmaceutical enterprise in Zhejiang province China. J. Chem. Pharm. Res. 2014;6(5):284—289.7.Gao X. Y., Chen Y. F. Research on the path of improving the technological innovation ability of Chinese pharmaceutical industry based on technology. Pharmacol. Pharmacy. 2022;13(8):285—299. DOI: 10.4236/pp.2022.1380228.Chen Y., He Q., Wang T. How labor costs affect innovation output in pharmaceutical companies: evidence from China. Inquiry. 2024;61:469580241246965. DOI: 10.1177/004695802412469659.Fu L., Zhang S., Wu F. The impact of compensation gap on corporate innovation: evidence from China’s pharmaceutical Industry. Int. J. Envir. Res. Public Health. 2022;19(3):1756. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph1903175610.Zhu J., Tang Y., Wei Y. et al. Corporate financialization, financing constraints, and innovation efficiency — empirical evidence based on listed Chinese pharmaceutical companies. Front. Public Health. 2023;11:1085148. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.108514811.Wang S., Liu Q., Chen Y. Independent research and development, technology accumulation and innovation performance: evidence from China's pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. PLoS One. 2022;17(4):e0266768. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.026676812.Wu D., Wang S., Chang S. et al. Comparison of external R&D and internal R&D: Based on the perspective of S&T development of China's pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. PLoS One. 2022;17(6):e0270271. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.027027113.Lai H., Shi H., Zhou Y. Regional technology gap and innovation efficiency trap in Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. PLoS One. 2020;15(5):e0233093. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.023309314.Xia Y. The impact of R&D subsidies on firm innovation in different supervision situations: analysis from pharmaceutical companies in China. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management. 2022;36:1—18. DOI: 10.1080/09537325.2022.211588215.Lian Y., Leng J., Zhu Y. Government Subsidy, Research and Development Investment and Profitability Evidence from Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Enterprises. In: Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on mathematical statistics and economic analysis. Zhengzhou; 2022:544—550. DOI: 10.2991/978-94-6463-042-8_7816.Zejun Mei, Government Subsidies, Additional Deductions for R&D Expenditure and R&D Investment in the Pharmaceutical Industry. World Scientific Research Journal. 2020;6(5):175—179. DOI: 10.6911/WSRJ.202005_6(5).001917.Shi C. M., Zhao Y. Research exemption and pharmaceutical innovation: evidence from China. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2020:1—45. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.376603218.Jiadong Pan, Gaobang Lin, Wen Xiao. The heterogeneity of innovation, government R&D support and enterprise innovation performance. Research in International Business and Finance. 2022;62:1—11. DOI: 10.1016/j.ribaf.2022.10174119.Ni K. Does the crowd-out effect of R&D subsidies exist in the pharmaceutical industry? Evidence from Chinese companies. Modern Economy. 2020;11:645—656. DOI: 10.4236/me.2020.11304820.Xia Yuntian, Fan Min, Zuo Xu, Hao Wenjing, Jia Yiwen. Government innovation subsidy, executives’ academic capital and innovation quality: evidence from pharmaceutical companies in China. Frontiers in Psychology. 2023;13:1—14. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.109216221.Xu Jian, Wang Xiuhua, Liu Feng. Government subsidies, R&D investment and innovation performance: analysis from pharmaceutical sector in China. Technology Analysis and Strategic Management. 2021;33:535—553. DOI: 10.1080/09537325.2020.183005522.Deng P., Lu H., Hong J. et al. Government R&D subsidies, intellectual property rights protection and innovation. Chinese Management Studies. 2019;13(6):363—378. DOI: 10.1108/CMS-02-2018-042223.Zhen Cao. Research on evaluation of technological innovation capability of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research. 2021;178:110—113. DOI: 10.2991/aebmr.k.210601.01924.Guan X., Chen L., Xia Q., Qi Z. Innovation efficiency of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing industry from the perspective of innovation ecosystem. Sustainability. 2022;14(20):12993. DOI: 10.3390/su14201299325.Pengfei Ji. Analysis on the development of Chinese biopharmaceutical industry. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research. 2022;212:106—112. DOI: 10.2991/aeb-mr.k.220306.01726.Ni J., Zhao J., Ung C. O.L. et al. Obstacles and opportunities in Chinese pharmaceutical innovation. Global. Health. 2017;1:21. DOI: 10.1186/s12992-017-0244-627.Zhong S., Liang S., Zhong Y. et al. Measure on innovation efficiency of China’s pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. Front. Public Health. 2022;10:1024997. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.102499728.Yongfeng Qiu, Yongchao Yang, Renai Chen. Discussion on the choice of technology innovation strategy of Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises. Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies. 2019;2(4):28—31. DOI: 10.26689/pbes.v2i4.82929.Song H., Zhang R. Analysis on innovation capability and influencing factors in Chinese pharmaceutical industry. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 2014;6(1):389—393.30.Li Y., Shao Y. Study on the patent research and development in Chinese pharmaceutical industry. Journal of Simulation. 2017;5(2):117—120.31.Liu X., Song W. Necessity of implementing pharmaceutical patent linkage system in China. Public Policy and Administration Research. 2018;8(8):1—5.32.Ren S., Su:Open innovation and intellectual property strategy: the catch-up processes of two Chinese pharmaceutical firms. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management. 2015;27(10):1159—1175. DOI: 10.1080/09537325.2015.106111733.Fan Yang. Balancing pharmaceutical innovation and the Chinese Public interest: a comparative research of compulsory pharmaceutical licensing systems. Academic Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences. 2023;6(16):47—60. DOI: 10.25236/AJHSS.2023.06160834.Xu G., Wang J. The current status of the biosimilars landscape in China. Biologicals. 2024;85:101744. DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2024.10174435.Chen X., Chen S., Wu Z. et al. The impact of centralized band purchasing of pharmaceuticals on innovation of Chinese pharmaceutical firms: an empirical study based on double difference models. Frontiers in Public Health. 2024;12:1406254. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.140625436.Wu J. Whether the public procurement policy can increase R&D innovation in the pharmaceutical enterprises. In: Proceedings of the 2023 3rd International Conference on Business Administration and Data Science. Dordrecht; 2023:51—60. DOI: 10.2991/978-94-6463-326-9_637.Yue C., Miraldo M. The effect of centralised procurement on pharmaceutical marketing and innovation: evidence from China. In: S&P Global Market Intelligence Research Paper Series. 2024:1—30. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.475549938.Huang Ruomin, Feng Yukun, Cao Yumin. The impact of the volume-based procurement policy on organizational innovation investment: evidence from Chinese A-share pharmaceutical firms. Digitalization and Management Innovation II. 2023:311—323. DOI: 10.3233/FAIA230743