REMEDIUMREMEDIUM1561-59362658-3534Joint-Stock Company Chicot137710.32687/1561-5936-2021-25-4-3-8Review articleBiocompatible drugs-protectors against radiation exposure: a modern view on the problemKhabrievR. U.-MingazovaE. N.elmira_mingazova@mail.ruSidorovV. V.-GureevS. A.-YusupovaM. M.-N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public HealthPirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityKazan State Medical UniversityA. I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of the FMBA of Russia1612202143829032022Copyright © 2021,2021The article provides an overview of current ideas about clinically promising radioprotective agents that have the ability to potentially mitigate radiation exposure, for example, to special contingents (military personnel and emergency services). Particular attention is paid to research on the potential of a potential radioprotector/radiomitigator to block radiation-induced mutagenesis and hence carcinogenesis, since some medical procedures (e. g., computed axial tomography) are associated with exposure to low doses of radiation. An ideal radiosensitizer to be used as an adjunct to radiotherapy would be one with low toxicity, high radiosensitizing efficacy for hypoxic cells, the least effect on normal cells, and minimal impact on other treatments. There are the following groups of drugs that counteract ionizing radiation: preventing initial radiation injury; repairing molecular damage caused by radiation; stimulating the proliferation of surviving stem cells and precursor cells (immunomodulators, growth factors and cytokines). 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